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当谓语表示一个动作时，主语和他可以有两种不同的关系，主动和被动的关系。
先来看一个例子：
they treated him well.
这是主动语态，改成被动语态是：
He is well treated.
在被动结构的句子中，动作执行者可以由介词BY引起的短语表示。
被动语态由助动词BE加过去分词构成。时态通过BE表现出来。
1）一般现在时
History is made by the people.
历史是人民创造的。
They are respected by everybody in the country.
他们受到全国人民的尊敬。
I'm often asked to do this work.
我常常被派做这项工作。
You are wanted on the phone.
有人给你打电话。
2）一般过去时
The conference was held in August.
这次会议是八月召开的。
The average yield was raised to 1400 jin per mu.
平均亩产量提高到了1400斤。
These electronic computers were made in Shanghai.
这些电子计算机是上海制造的。
3）一般将来时。
You won't be allowed to take so much luggage with you.]
不会让你带这么多的行李。
We shan't be invited.
我们不会受到邀请。
What tools will be needed in the work?
工作中需要什么工具。
4现在进行时和过去进行时。
A new railway is being built.
一条新铁路正在修建。
The machine is being repaired in the school factory.
机器正在校办工厂修理。
The case was being investigated.
The roads were being widened.
路那时正在加宽。
5）过去完成时和现在完成时。
The book has been translated into many languages.
Production costs had been greatly reduced.
生产成本这时大大降低了。
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