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28.-ing 短语作状语和定语
1）-ing 短语的一般式作状语，通常表示与句中谓语同时发生的动作或状态。
例如，Arriving at the village, he could not find his home.。
Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
Being blind, how could they see the elephant?
2)-ing 短语的完成式（having +过去分词）作状语，表示在句中谓语之前发生的动作或状态。
如：Having been rebuilt this way, these temples look even more beartiful.
作状语用的-ING短语起逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事。
3）-ing 短语做定语，表示主动行为。通常用于它所修饰的词之后，相当于一个定语从句。
例如，Who is the man standing by the door?
The bell rang announcing the end of class..
Australia is the only country covering an entire continent.
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